MEXICAN NATIONAL SURVEY ON ORGANIZED VIOLENCE (ENVO)

CODEBOOK
Identidad = Type of survey
(1)	General public
(2)	Elite

SECMUESTRA = Elite groups
(1)	Government officials
(2)	Politicians
(3)	Academics
(4)	Mass media
(5)	Private business
(6)	Civil society

Grupo = All groups
(0)	General population
(1)	Government officials
(2)	Politicians
(3)	Academics
(4)	Mass media
(5)	Private business
(6)	Civil society

Folio = File number

FECHA = Date of interview

SECC = Electoral section

MUN = Municipality (name)

EDO = State

VERS = Questionnaire version A/B
(0)	General population
(1)	Government officials
(2)	Politicians
(3)	Academics
(4)	Mass media
(5)	Private business
(6)	Civil society

Municipio = Municipio (code)
(1001)	Aguascalientes
(1005)	Jesus Maria
(2001)	Ensenada
(2002)	Mexicali
(2004)	Tijuana
(3001)	Comondu
(4004)	Champoton
(4009)	Escarcega
(5030)	Saltillo
(5033)	San Pedro
(5035)	Torreon
(6003)	Coquimatlan
(6010)	Tecoman
(7016)	Catazaja
(7036)	La Grandeza
(7043)	Ixtacomitan
(7064)	Oxchuc
(7090)	Tapachula
(7094)	Tenejapa
(7102)	Tuxtla Gutierrez
(8011)	Camargo
(8019)	Chihuahua
(8029)	Guadalupe Y Calvo
(8037)	Juarez
(8050)	Nuevo Casas Grandes
(9002)	Azcapotzalco
(9003)	Coyoacan
(9004)	Cuajimalpa De Morelos
(9005)	Gustavo A. Madero
(9006)	Iztacalco
(9007)	Iztapalapa
(9010)	Alvaro Obregon
(9011)	Tlahuac
(9012)	Tlalpan
(9014)	Benito Juarez
(9015)	Cuauhtemoc
(9016)	Miguel Hidalgo
(9017)	Venustiano Carranza
(10005)	Durango
(10007)	Gomez Palacio
(10012)	Lerdo
(11002)	Acambaro
(11003)	San Miguel De Allende
(11007)	Celaya
(11013)	Doctor Mora
(11017)	Irapuato
(11018)	Jaral Del Progreso
(11020)	Leon
(11031)	San Francisco Del Rincon
(11041)	Uriangato
(11042)	Valle De Santiago
(11044)	Villagran
(12001)	Acapulco De Juarez
(12011)	Atoyac De Alvarez
(12028)	Chilapa De Alvarez
(12029)	Chilpancingo De Los Bravo
(12054)	San Marcos
(12056)	Taxco De Alarcon
(13028)	Huejutla De Reyes
(13038)	Mineral Del Chico
(13039)	Mineral Del Monte
(13061)	Tepeapulco
(13080)	Yahualica
(14013)	Atotonilco El Alto
(14015)	Autlan De Navarro
(14018)	La Barca
(14041)	Guadalajara
(14055)	Lagos De Moreno
(14069)	Puerto Vallarta
(14098)	Tlajomulco De Zu?iga
(14099)	Tlaquepaque
(14102)	Tonala
(14111)	Union De Tula
(14118)	Yahualica De Gonzalez Gallo
(14120)	Zapopan
(15013)	Atizapan De Zaragoza
(15018)	Calimaya
(15020)	Coacalco De Berriozabal
(15025)	Cuautitlan Izcalli
(15030)	Chicoloapan
(15032)	Chimalhuacan
(15034)	Ecatepec De Morelos
(15038)	Huixquilucan
(15040)	Ixtapaluca
(15043)	Ixtlahuaca
(15054)	Melchor Ocampo
(15058)	Naucalpan De Juarez
(15060)	Nezahualcoyotl
(15061)	Nicolas Romero
(15071)	La Paz
(15077)	San Mateo Atenco
(15082)	Tecamac
(15091)	Tenango Del Valle
(15104)	Tlalmanalco
(15105)	Tlalnepantla De Baz
(15107)	Toluca
(15110)	Tultitlan
(15112)	Villa De Allende
(15119)	Zinacantepec
(15122)	Valle De Chalco Solidaridad
(16009)	Ario
(16042)	Ixtlan
(16050)	Lazaro Cardenas
(16054)	Morelia
(16060)	Nuevo Urecho
(16103)	Uruapan
(16105)	Villamar
(16109)	Zamora
(17006)	Cuautla
(17009)	Huitzilac
(17011)	Jiutepec
(17029)	Yautepec
(18011)	Ruiz
(19001)	Abasolo
(19006)	Apodaca
(19018)	Garcia
(19021)	Gral. Escobedo
(19026)	Guadalupe
(19032)	Juarez
(19040)	Monterrey
(19047)	San Nicolas De Los Garza
(19048)	Santa Catarina
(20029)	Eloxochitlan De Flores Magon
(20051)	Magdalena Tequisistlan
(20066)	Oaxaca De Juarez
(20132)	San Felipe Tejalapam
(20199)	San Juan Guichicovi
(20427)	Santa Maria Petapa
(20440)	Santa Maria Tonameca
(20543)	Villa Tejupam De La Union
(21016)	Aquixtla
(21042)	Cuautlancingo
(21043)	Cuayuca De Andrade
(21087)	Izucar De Matamoros
(21105)	Nopalucan
(21115)	Puebla
(21152)	Tecali De Herrera
(21155)	Tehuacan
(21194)	Venustiano Carranza
(21209)	Zapotitlan
(22008)	Jalpan De Serra
(22013)	Pinal De Amoles
(22014)	Queretaro
(23001)	Benito Juarez
(23002)	Cozumel
(24011)	Ciudad Fernandez
(24016)	Ebano
(24028)	San Luis Potosi
(24035)	Soledad De Graciano Sanchez
(24037)	Tamazunchale
(25001)	Ahome
(25006)	Culiacan
(25011)	Guasave
(25012)	Mazatlan
(25017)	Sinaloa
(26049)	Hermosillo
(26055)	San Luis Rio Colorado
(26059)	Cajeme
(26064)	Huatabampo
(27002)	Cardenas
(27004)	Centro
(27005)	Comalcalco
(27008)	Huimanguillo
(27012)	Macuspana
(28003)	Altamira
(28022)	Matamoros
(28027)	Nuevo Laredo
(28032)	Reynosa
(28038)	Tampico
(28040)	Valle Hermoso
(28041)	Victoria
(29003)	Apizaco
(29042)	Xicohtzinco
(30003)	Acayucan
(30022)	Atoyac
(30023)	Atzacan
(30034)	Catemaco
(30046)	Cordoba
(30067)	Emiliano Zapata
(30089)	Xalapa
(30103)	Martinez De La Torre
(30106)	Medellin
(30113)	Naolinco
(30139)	Rio Blanco
(30172)	Tezonapa
(30188)	Tuxpan
(30192)	Veracruz
(30205)	Nanchital De Lazaro Cardenas Del Rio
(31012)	Cenotillo
(31050)	Merida
(31096)	Tizimin
(32036)	Ojocaliente
(32056)	Zacatecas

RECH1 = Nobody home
(0)	0
(1)	1
(2)	2
(3)	3
(4)	4
(5)	5
(6)	6
(7)	7
(8)	8
(9)	9
(10)	10+

RECH2 = Residency vacant
(0)	0
(1)	1
(2)	2
(3)	3
(4)	4
(5)	5
(6)	6
(7)	7
(8)	8
(9)	9
(10)	10+

RECH3 = Answer denied
(0)	0
(1)	1
(2)	2
(3)	3
(4)	4
(5)	5
(6)	6
(7)	7
(8)	8
(9)	9
(10)	10+

RECH4 = Temporal resident
(0)	0
(1)	1
(2)	2
(3)	3
(4)	4
(5)	5
(6)	6
(7)	7
(8)	8
(9)	9
(10)	10+

RECH5 = Interview broken off
(0)	0
(1)	1
(2)	2
(3)	3
(4)	4
(5)	5
(6)	6
(7)	7
(8)	8
(9)	9
(10)	10+

RECH6 = Inappropriate profile
(0)	0
(1)	1
(2)	2
(3)	3
(4)	4
(5)	5
(6)	6
(7)	7
(8)	8
(9)	9
(10)	10+

HRINI = Starting hour (24 hour format)

HRTER = Finishing hour (24 hour format)

Edad = Can you tell me how old you are (in years)?
(99a)	dk/na

Edad_ag = Age (three categories)
(1)	18-29 years
(2)	30-49 years
(3)	50 years or more
(99)	dk/na

Sexo = Sex of interviewee
(0)	Male
(1)	Female

PD = Before living in this locality, did you live in another State of the Republic?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

PE = In which one?

PC = Approximately how many years have you been living in this locality?
(99a)	dk/na

P1 = In general, how interested are you in politics?
(0)	Not at all interested
(1)	A little interested
(2)	Somewhat interested
(3)	Very interested
(99)	dk/na

P2A = TV: How often do you follow the news on television
(0)	Almost never
(1)	A few times a month
(2)	A few times a week
(3)	Almost daily
(99)	dk/na

P2B = Radio: How often do you follow the news on the radio
(0)	Almost never
(1)	A few times a month
(2)	A few times a week
(3)	Almost daily
(99)	dk/na

P2C = Prensa: How often do you follow the news in the newspaper (print or electronic)
(0)	Almost never
(1)	A few times a month
(2)	A few times a week
(3)	Almost daily
(99)	dk/na

P2D = Internet: How often do you follow the news on television on the Internet, Facebook o Twitter
(0)	Almost never
(1)	A few times a month
(2)	A few times a week
(3)	Almost daily
(99)	dk/na

P2E = Amigos: How often do you learn about the news by talking with friends or acquaintances
(0)	Almost never
(1)	A few times a month
(2)	A few times a week
(3)	Almost daily
(99)	dk/na

Prob_PG_#1 = 1st mention: Among the problems the country is facing, which are shown on this card, which three worry you the most?
(1)	Poverty
(2)	Social inequality
(3)	Unemployment
(4)	Drug trafficking
(5)	Drug violence
(6)	Public insecurity
(7)	Natural desasters
(8)	Inept politicians
(9)	Apathetic citizens
(10)	Corruption
(11)	Impunity
(12)	Education
(13)	Health
(14)	Others
(99)	dk/na

Prob_PG_#2 = 2nd mention: Among the problems the country is facing, which are shown on this card, which three worry you the most?
(1)	Poverty
(2)	Social inequality
(3)	Unemployment
(4)	Drug trafficking
(5)	Drug violence
(6)	Public insecurity
(7)	Natural desasters
(8)	Inept politicians
(9)	Apathetic citizens
(10)	Corruption
(11)	Impunity
(12)	Education
(13)	Health
(14)	Others
(99)	dk/na

Prob_PG_#3 = 3rd mention: Among the problems the country is facing, which are shown on this card, which three worry you the most?
(1)	Poverty
(2)	Social inequality
(3)	Unemployment
(4)	Drug trafficking
(5)	Drug violence
(6)	Public insecurity
(7)	Natural desasters
(8)	Inept politicians
(9)	Apathetic citizens
(10)	Corruption
(11)	Impunity
(12)	Education
(13)	Health
(14)	Others
(99)	dk/na

Prob_Elite_1 = Elites problems (open question), 1st mention: Among the problems the country is facing, which three worry you the most?
(99)	dk/na

Prob_Elite_2 = Elites problems (open question), 2nd mention: Among the problems the country is facing, which three worry you the most?
(99)	dk/na

Prob_Elite_3 = Elites problems (open question), 3rd mention: Among the problems the country is facing, which three worry you the most?
(99)	dk/na

P4 = In this survey, we will talk a lot about organized violence, also known as “drug violence”. Above all, we have in mind disappearances and homicides committed by organized crime. Personally, how worried are you about organized violence?
(0)	Not at all
(1)	A little
(2)	Somewhat
(3)	Very much
(99)	dk/na

P5 = Do you think living in your municipality is very, somewhat, a bit or not secure at all?
(0)	Not at all
(1)	A little
(2)	Somewhat
(3)	Very much
(99)	dk/na

P6A = Burglary: How likely do you think the following things could happen to you or your family over the next few years? Burglars breaking into your home
(0)	Not likely at all
(1)	A bit likely
(2)	Somewhat likely
(3)	Very likely
(99)	dk/na

P6B = Kidnapping: How likely do you think the following things could happen to you or your family over the next few years? Getting kidnapped for ransom
(0)	Not likely at all
(1)	A bit likely
(2)	Somewhat likely
(3)	Very likely
(99)	dk/na

P6C = Extortion: How likely do you think the following things could happen to you or your family over the next few years? Having to pay protection money (“derecho de piso”) for your business or other activities
(0)	Not likely at all
(1)	A bit likely
(2)	Somewhat likely
(3)	Very likely
(99)	dk/na

P6D = Murder: How likely do you think the following things could happen to you or your family over the next few years? Having organized crime send someone to kill you
(0)	Not likely at all
(1)	A bit likely
(2)	Somewhat likely
(3)	Very likely
(99)	dk/na

I. ORGANIZED VIOLENCE

P7 = During the current government of President Peña Nieto, do you think organized violence has diminished or increased?
(0)	Increased a lot
(1)	Increased a little
(2)	Remained the same (SPONTANEOUS)
(3)	Decreased a little
(4)	Decreased a lot
(99)	dk/na

P8 = From what you know or have heard, in comparison to other countries in Latin America, in Mexico there are less or more homicides?
(0)	Many more homicides
(1)	More homicides
(2)	Same level (SPONTANEOUS)
(3)	Less homicides
(4)	Many less homicides
(99)	dk/na

P9 = What do you think about the media coverage of drug violence during the current year; do you think it has been excessive, enough or insufficient?
(0)	Insufficient
(1)	Enough
(2)	Excessive
(99)	dk/na

P10A = There are many good things about Mexico, we should stop talking so much about the violence.
(0)	Disagree a lot
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree a lot
(99)	dk/na

P10C = Things have actually been quiet around here. The violence is elsewhere.
(0)	Disagree a lot
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree a lot
(99)	dk/na

P10E = Not all criminal groups are the same, some really care about the community.
(0)	Disagree a lot
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree a lot
(99)	dk/na

P11 = In your private life, with family, friends, or colleagues, how often do you talk about the drug violence; a lot, somewhat, little, never?
(0)	Never
(1)	A little
(2)	Somewhat
(3)	A lot
(99)	dk/na

P12 = How much have you heard about the criminal gangs in Mexico that kidnap migrants from Central America on their way to the United States: You have hear nothing, a little, some things, a lot?
(0)	Heard nothing
(1)	Heard a little
(2)	Heard some things
(3)	Heard a lot
(99)	dk/na

P13 = Victim recall: ¿Do you remember the name of someone who was murdered or disappeared by organized crime?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P13_corr = Effective victim recall: ¿Do you remember the name of someone who was murdered or disappeared by organized crime?
(0)	No (including dk/na in P13B)
(1)	Yes

P13B = Could you tell me his or her name?
(99)	dk/na

P14 = Do you remember the name (or nickname) of some contract killer who has been captured?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P14B = Could you tell me the name or nickname?

P15_1recod = 1st mention: Which do you think are the three main causes of organized violence in Mexico?
(1)	Poverty
(2)	The lack of social values
(3)	The demand for drugs in the US
(4)	The influx of arms from the US
(5)	The weakness of the Mexican state
(6)	The corruption of the government
(7)	The legacy of many years of authoritarian government
(8)	The policies of the Calderón administration
(9)	Others
(99)	dk/na

P15_2recod = 2nd mention: Which do you think are the three main causes of organized violence in Mexico?
(1)	Poverty
(2)	The lack of social values
(3)	The demand for drugs in the US
(4)	The influx of arms from the US
(5)	The weakness of the Mexican state
(6)	The corruption of the government
(7)	The legacy of many years of authoritarian government
(8)	The policies of the Calderón administration
(9)	Others
(99)	dk/na

P15_3recod = 3rd mention: Which do you think are the three main causes of organized violence in Mexico?
(1)	Poverty
(2)	The lack of social values
(3)	The demand for drugs in the US
(4)	The influx of arms from the US
(5)	The weakness of the Mexican state
(6)	The corruption of the government
(7)	The legacy of many years of authoritarian government
(8)	The policies of the Calderón administration
(9)	Others
(99)	dk/na

P15_1 = Elites causes (open question), 1st mention: Which do you think are the three main causes of organized violence in Mexico?

P15_2 = Elites causes (open question), 2nd mention: Which do you think are the three main causes of organized violence in Mexico?

P15_3 = Elites causes (open question), 3rd mention: Which do you think are the three main causes of organized violence in Mexico?

P16 = Who do you think is the main culprit of drug violence in our country?
(1)	Drug consumers
(2)	Drug cartels
(3)	The United States
(4)	The Mexican State
(5)	Mexican families
(99)	dk/na

II. CRIMINALS

P17A = Sicarios: I am going to read to you a list of people involved in drug trafficking and organized crime. For each group, tell me if they deserve to go to prison or not: People who kidnap, torture and murder others
(0)	They shouldn't go to jail
(1)	They should go to jail
(99)	dk/na

P18A = Sicarios jail time: How many years do you think they should spend in jail?
(1000)	Lifetime sentence (spontaneous)
(9999)	dk/na

P17B = Dealers: I am going to read to you a list of people involved in drug trafficking and organized crime. For each group, tell me if they deserve to go to prison or not: People who sell marihuana
(0)	They shouldn't go to jail
(1)	They should go to jail
(99)	dk/na

P18B = Dealers jail time: How many years do you think they should spend in jail?
(1000)	Lifetime sentence (spontaneous)
(9999)	dk/na

P17C = Corrupt officials: I am going to read to you a list of people involved in drug trafficking and organized crime. For each group, tell me if they deserve to go to prison or not: Police officers or politicians who cooperate with drug dealers (“el narco”)
(0)	They shouldn't go to jail
(1)	They should go to jail
(99)	dk/na

P18C = Corrupt officials jail time: How many years do you think they should spend in jail?
(1000)	Lifetime sentence (spontaneous)
(9999)	dk/na

P17D = Bookkeepers: I am going to read to you a list of people involved in drug trafficking and organized crime. For each group, tell me if they deserve to go to prison or not: Persons who handle cartel finances
(0)	They shouldn't go to jail
(1)	They should go to jail
(99)	dk/na

P18D = Bookkeepers jail time: How many years do you think they should spend in jail?
(1000)	Lifetime sentence (spontaneous)
(9999)	dk/na

P17E = Street watchers: I am going to read to you a list of people involved in drug trafficking and organized crime. For each group, tell me if they deserve to go to prison or not: People who watch the streets for the cartels
(0)	They shouldn't go to jail
(1)	They should go to jail
(99)	dk/na

P18E = Street watchers jail time: How many years do you think they should spend in jail?
(1000)	Lifetime sentence (spontaneous)
(9999)	dk/na

P17F = Capos: I am going to read to you a list of people involved in drug trafficking and organized crime. For each group, tell me if they deserve to go to prison or not: The persons who head the cartels
(0)	They shouldn't go to jail
(1)	They should go to jail
(99)	dk/na

P18F = Capos jail time: How many years do you think they should spend in jail?
(1000)	Lifetime sentence (spontaneous)
(9999)	dk/na

P18 = Imagine Pedro, an 18 year old young man who still lives with his parents. One day, the parents discover that he works as an informant for the drug dealers. How should they respond?
(1)	They should be happy for him being able to bring some money home
(2)	At this point, they can’t do anything any more
(3)	They should scold him to make him understand
(4)	They should kick him out of the house
(5)	They should hand him over to the police or the armed forces
(99)	dk/na

P19 = And what if the parents found out their son was working as a contract killer for the drug dealers. How should they react?
(1)	They should be happy for him being able to bring some money home
(2)	At this point, they can’t do anything any more
(3)	They should scold him to make him understand
(4)	They should kick him out of the house
(5)	They should hand him over to the police or the armed forces
(99)	dk/na

P20 = From what you know or have heard, have the drug cartels (“los narcos”) over the past years given any money for community celebrations here?
(1)	Yes
(2)	No
(99)	dk/na

P21 = Do you know or have heard whether they’ve helped people in need over the past years?
(1)	Yes
(2)	No
(99)	dk/na

P22 = In communities/ neighborhoods like this one, how often do you think that people know where the big drug bosses live: always, sometimes, seldom, never.
(0)	Never
(1)	Seldom
(2)	Sometimes
(3)	Always
(99)	dk/na

P23 = How often do you think people know who works for the drug dealers?
(0)	Never
(1)	Seldom
(2)	Sometimes
(3)	Always
(99)	dk/na

III. VICTIMS

P24B = When we talk about the murders attributed to the organized crime, how much do you agree with the following statements: As long as you do not get involved with them, nothing happens to you.
(0)	Disagree a lot
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree a lot
(99)	dk/na

P24E = When we talk about the murders attributed to the organized crime, how much do you agree with the following statements: As a matter of fact, it can happen to all of us, to my family and my friends, that the narcos kill us.
(0)	Disagree a lot
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree a lot
(99)	dk/na

P25 = When you have a quarrel with a neighbor, a colleague, or a stranger, has it ever crossed your mind that that person might hire someone to kill you, or has that never occurred to you?
(0)	Has never ocurred to me
(1)	Has crossed my mind
(99)	dk/na

P26A = Burglary: Over the past years, has it happened to you or someone from your family that burglars broke into your house
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P26B = Kidnapping: Over the past years, has it happened to you or someone from your family that someone was kidnapped for ransom
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P26C = Extorsion: Over the past years, has it happened to you or someone from your family that you were asked for protection money (“derecho de piso”) for your business or other activities
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P26D = Murder: Over the past years, has it happened to you or someone from your family that someone was murdered by organized crime
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P26E = Disappearance: Over the past years, has it happened to you or someone from your family that someone was kidnapped (“levantado”) and made disappear
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P27 = At the time, did you report the crime [the worst one experienced] to the authorities?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P28 = Why did you abstain from reporting it?
(0)	Because it is much paperwork and of no use
(1)	Out of fear of the authorities
(2)	Out of fear of the aggressor
(97)	Does not apply
(99)	dk/na

P29B = Did the authorities investigate properly and have they made any progress?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P29C = Is it known who the perpetrator or perpetrators were?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P29E = Are the perpetrators in jail?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P30 = Outside your family, has someone among your friends or acquaintances been murdered or disappeared by organized crime?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P31 = Outside the circles of people you know personally, do you remember some person whose case has moved you in particular?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P32 = Can you tell us which one?

P33 = Do you know a child or teenager who was orphaned because criminal groups murdered their mother or father?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P34 = Do you know anyone who migrated to the United States or any other country because of the violence?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

QAB = Experiment: Questionnaire A/B
(0)	Version A
(1)	Version B

P35A = A Car washer: I want to tell you about the case of Sergio, a victim of violence. He worked washing cars on the streets. His body was found in the trunk of a car, wrapped into a rug. His family says he was a decent person, but the police say that he was in
(0)	I’d be inclined to believe the family
(1)	I’d be inclined to believe the police
(99)	dk/na

P36A = A Car washer: What do you think the family should do?
(0)	They should put pressure on the authorities and demand justice
(1)	They should resign themselves to the loss and try to move on
(99)	dk/na

P37A = A Car washer: What do you think the authorities should do?
(0)	The police should conduct an exhaustive investigation in order to find the perpetrators
(1)	If the police already know the victim belonged to a cartel, itey rtelthat necessary that they investigate much more
(99)	dk/na

P35B = B Doctor: I want to tell you about the case of Sergio, a victim of violence. He worked as a doctor in a clinic. His body was found in the trunk of a car, wrapped into a rug. His family says he was a decent person, but the police say that he was in
(0)	I’d be inclined to believe the family
(1)	I’d be inclined to believe the police
(99)	dk/na

P36B = B Doctor: What do you think the family should do?
(0)	They should put pressure on the authorities and demand justice
(1)	They should resign themselves to the loss and try to move on
(99)	dk/na

P37B = B Doctor: What do you think the authorities should do?
(0)	The police should conduct an exhaustive investigation in order to find the perpetrators
(1)	If the police already know the victim belonged to a cartel, itey rtelthat necessary that they investigate much more
(99)	dk/na

P35AB = AB Experiment: Who do you think we should believe?
(0)	I’d be inclined to believe the family
(1)	I’d be inclined to believe the police
(99)	dk/na

P36AB = AB Experiment: What do you think the family should do?
(0)	They should put pressure on the authorities and demand justice
(1)	They should resign themselves to the loss and try to move on
(99)	dk/na

P37AB = AB Experiment: What do you think the authorities should do?
(0)	The police should conduct an exhaustive investigation in order to find the perpetrators
(1)	If the police already know the victim belonged to a cartel, itey rtelthat necessary that they investigate much more
(99)	dk/na

IV. STATE

P38A = Local police: How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P38B = Federal police: How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P38C = Public prosecutor: ¿How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P38D = Judges: How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P38F = President Felipe Calderón: How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P38G = President Enrique Peña: How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P38H = State government: How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P38I = Armed forces: How would you evaluate the job the following institutions have done in the fight against organized crime? Do you think they have done a very good, good, bad o very bad job?
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Neither good nor bad (spontaneous)
(3)	Good
(4)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P39 = When criminal organizations kidnap or kill someone and his or her family members report the crime to the authorities, how likely is it that the authorities investigate properly: very likely, somewhat likely, a bit likely or not likely at all?
(0)	Very likely
(1)	Somewhat likely
(2)	A bit likely
(3)	Not likely at all
(99)	dk/na

P40 = If the authorities suspect of someone, how likely is it that the person will get a fair trial?
(0)	Very likely
(1)	Somewhat likely
(2)	A bit likely
(3)	Not likely at all
(99)	dk/na

P41 = How likely are the guilty to go to jail?
(0)	Very likely
(1)	Somewhat likely
(2)	A bit likely
(3)	Not likely at all
(99)	dk/na

P42A = False accusations: As you probably know, when the police doesn’t hold concrete evidence against a crime suspect, it can place him or her under preventive detention (“arraigo”) for 80 days, while it investigates him or her. During preventive detention, how
(0)	Not likely at all
(1)	A bit likely
(2)	Somewhat likely
(3)	Very likely
(99)	dk/na

P42B = Police torture: How likely is the police to torture a person in preventive detention?
(0)	Not likely at all
(1)	A bit likely
(2)	Somewhat likely
(3)	Very likely
(99)	dk/na

P42C = Disappearance: How likely is it that his or her family never see him or her again?
(0)	Not likely at all
(1)	A bit likely
(2)	Somewhat likely
(3)	Very likely
(99)	dk/na

P43A = Capacity local police: How much do you agree with the following statements regarding authorities’ capacity to fight organized crime: The police of my municipality / city is well trained and armed to fight organized crime.
(0)	Disagree very much
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree very much
(99)	dk/na

P43B = Capacity federal police: How much do you agree with the following statements regarding authorities’ capacity to fight organized crime: The federal police is well trained and armed to fight organized crime.
(0)	Disagree very much
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree very much
(99)	dk/na

P43C = Capacity armed forces: How much do you agree with the following statements regarding authorities’ capacity to fight organized crime: The armed forces are well trained and armed to fight organized crime.
(0)	Disagree very much
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree very much
(99)	dk/na

P44A = When an ordinary person is killed by criminal organizations, do you think she was probably killed because she was involved with criminals or because she put up resistance against the criminals.
(0)	Probably the person was killed because she put up resistance
(1)	Probably the person was killed because she was involved
(99)	dk/na

P44B = And when a police officer is killed?
(0)	Probably the person was killed because she put up resistance
(1)	Probably the person was killed because she was involved
(99)	dk/na

P44C = When a police chief is killed?
(0)	Probably the person was killed because she put up resistance
(1)	Probably the person was killed because she was involved
(99)	dk/na

P44D = When a soldier is killed?
(0)	Probably the person was killed because she put up resistance
(1)	Probably the person was killed because she was involved
(99)	dk/na

P44E = When a politician is killed?
(0)	Probably the person was killed because she put up resistance
(1)	Probably the person was killed because she was involved
(99)	dk/na

P44F = When a journalist is killed?
(0)	Probably the person was killed because she put up resistance
(1)	Probably the person was killed because she was involved
(99)	dk/na

P45 = With respect to members of organized crime, some say that the army and the police should be allowed to hit detainees in order to make them confess and provide valuable information. Others say that the police or the army should never be permitted to hit de
(0)	Army and police should never be allowed to hit detainees
(1)	Army and police should be allowed to hit detainees
(99)	dk/na

P46 = Reports document that the police and army have committed severe violations of citizen rights in the fight against drug violence. What do you believe?
(0)	It happens frequently
(1)	These are isolated cases
(99)	dk/na

P47A = Do you know anyone who has suffered police abuse?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P47B = Do you know anyone who has suffered abuse by the military?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P48 = Please, tell me if you support the idea of leaving criminals who have kidnapped, tortured and killed free of charges, if they satisfy certain conditions which we show on the card.
(0)	Keeping them out of jail would not be acceptable under any circumstance
(1)	If they stop kidnapping, torturing, and killing others
(2)	Only if in addition they collaborate with authorities and help them capture their accomplices
(3)	Only if in addition they confess everything, show repentance, and ask victims for forgiveness
(98)	None of the above
(99)	dk/na

V. CITIZENS

P49A = Benefit police: Imagine a situation in which a person comes to suspect that one of the houses on his or her street works as a “safe house”. Please tell me how much you think it would help the victims if that person would call the police.
(0)	Would not help at all
(1)	Would help a little
(2)	Would help somewhat
(3)	Would help a lot
(99)	dk/na

P49B = Benefit armed forces: Calling on the armed forces
(0)	Would not help at all
(1)	Would help a little
(2)	Would help somewhat
(3)	Would help a lot
(99)	dk/na

P49C = Benefit HHRR commission: Contacting the human rights commission
(0)	Would not help at all
(1)	Would help a little
(2)	Would help somewhat
(3)	Would help a lot
(99)	dk/na

P49D = Benefit medida: Contacting the mass media
(0)	Would not help at all
(1)	Would help a little
(2)	Would help somewhat
(3)	Would help a lot
(99)	dk/na

P50A = Risk police: And now, for each of these actions, tell me how risky do you think they are for the person who suspects of the presence of a “safe house": Calling the police
(0)	Not risky at all
(1)	A little risky
(2)	Somewhat risky
(3)	Very risky
(99)	dk/na

P50B = Risk armed forces: Calling on the armed forces
(0)	Not risky at all
(1)	A little risky
(2)	Somewhat risky
(3)	Very risky
(99)	dk/na

P50C = Risk HHRR commission: Contacting the human rights commission
(0)	Not risky at all
(1)	A little risky
(2)	Somewhat risky
(3)	Very risky
(99)	dk/na

P50D = Risk media: Contacting the mass media
(0)	Not risky at all
(1)	A little risky
(2)	Somewhat risky
(3)	Very risky
(99)	dk/na

P51 = On their way through Mexico, migrants from Central America are easy prey for organized crime. Imagine that Mexican authorities could grant them protection, yet each Mexican family would have to pay a monthly contribution of 50 pesos. Would you support thi
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

VI. CIVIL SOCIETY

P52 = Now, talking about the people around here, would you say that people from your community or neighborhood are very trustworthy, somewhat trustworthy, a little trustworthy or not trustworthy at all?
(0)	Not trustworthy at all
(1)	A little trustworthy
(2)	Somewhat trustworthy
(3)	Very trustworthy
(99)	dk/na

P53A = Efficacy personal ties: Here is a list of things that citizens can do to influence the decisions of their state government. How effective do you think these actions are in your State? Contacting government officials through personal connections or family
(0)	Not effective at all
(1)	A bit effective
(2)	Somewhat effective
(3)	Very effective
(99)	dk/na

P53B = Efficacy letters: Writing to government officials and explaining your point of view
(0)	Not effective at all
(1)	A bit effective
(2)	Somewhat effective
(3)	Very effective
(99)	dk/na

P53E = Efficacy vote: Voting for your preferred candidate or party in elections
(0)	Not effective at all
(1)	A bit effective
(2)	Somewhat effective
(3)	Very effective
(99)	dk/na

P54 = When you think about turning out to vote, are you very afraid, somewhat afraid, a bit afraid or not afraid at all of becoming a victim of organized crime?
(0)	Not affraid at all
(1)	A bit affraid
(2)	Somewhat affraid
(3)	Very affraid
(99)	dk/na

P55 = Do you belong to any voluntary organization, such as there are neighborhood meetings, parent associations, sport clubs, cultural organizations, labor unions, political parties, charities, or church groups? Do you consider yourself to be an active or a non
(1)	No member
(2)	Member
(3)	Active member
(99)	dk/na

P56 = Over the past years, victims of violence, people who have experienced disappearances or murder within their families, have organized themselves to demand justice. Have you ever heard of these groups?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P57_dic = Do you remember any group in particular? (dichotmous)
(0)	No (including dk/na)
(1)	Yes

P57_nom = Do you remember any group in particular? (group names)

P58 = Have you heard of victims who get together to demand safety and justice in your municipality / city?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P59 = Generally speaking, what is your impression of these movements? How much do you identify with the victims who act together?
(0)	Not at all
(1)	A little
(2)	Somewhat
(3)	A lot
(99)	dk/na

P60 = How much influence do you think that these citizen movements can have on what the government does?
(0)	None
(1)	A little
(2)	Some
(3)	A lot
(99)	dk/na

P61 = How much influence do you think that these citizen movements can have on what criminal organizations do?
(0)	None
(1)	A little
(2)	Some
(3)	A lot
(99)	dk/na

P62A = Which of the following things would you be willing to do in order to support those who organize themselves against violence? Giving material aid, in the form of things like money, food, or blankets.
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P62C = Signing a petition against the government
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P62D = Signing a petition against criminals
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P63 = Have you ever participated in a meeting, street protest, or sit in against violence and insecurity?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P64 = The first time that you decided to participate, did you do it for any of the reasons listed here?
(1)	I decided to participate because I myself, some family member, a friend or an acquaintance was robbed or assaulted
(2)	Because a family member, friend or acquaintance suffered acts of extortion
(3)	Because I myself suffered acts of extortion
(4)	Because a family member, friend or acquaintance was kidnapped
(5)	Because I myself was kidnapped
(6)	Because a family member, friend or acquaintance was murdered
(7)	No, I decided to participate for other reasons
(99)	dk/na

P65B = Some communities have decided to take public safety into their own hands. To what extent do you approve of communities that warn criminals that, if they catch them, they won’t hand them over to the authorities, but will lynch them instead?
(0)	Approve very much
(1)	Approve somewhat
(2)	Disapprove somewhat
(3)	Disapprove very much
(99)	dk/na

P65C = To what extent do you approve of communities that set up communitarian police forces, also known as self-defense groups?
(0)	Approve very much
(1)	Approve somewhat
(2)	Disapprove somewhat
(3)	Disapprove very much
(99)	dk/na

P67 = Talking of your own personal experience: have you ever been detained?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P68 = In political matters, people often talk of “the left” and “the right”. On a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means left and 10 right, how would you place your views, generally speaking. Remember that you can position yourself at any point along the scale.
(0)	Left
(1)	1
(2)	2
(3)	3
(4)	4
(5)	5
(6)	6
(7)	7
(8)	8
(9)	9
(10)	Right
(99)	dk/na

P69A = I’m going to describe various types of political systems and ask what you think about them. Please tell me if it would be very good, good, bad or very bad for this country having a strong political leader who does not have to bother with parliament and el
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Good
(3)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P69B = Having experts, not government, make decisions according to what they think is best for the country.
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Good
(3)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P69C = Having the army rule.
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Good
(3)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P69D = Having a democratic political system.
(0)	Very bad
(1)	Bad
(2)	Good
(3)	Very good
(99)	dk/na

P70 = Which of the following statements do you agree with?
(0)	For people like me, it makes no difference whether the government is democratic or authoritarian
(1)	Under some circumstances, an authoritarian government can be preferable to a democratic one.
(2)	Democracy is preferable to any other form of government
(99)	dk/na

P71 = How much do you agree with the statement: Mexico is a democracy?
(0)	Disagree very much
(1)	Disagree somewhat
(2)	Agree somewhat
(3)	Agree very much
(99)	dk/na

P72 = Generally speaking, would you say that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with the way democracy works in Mexico?
(0)	Very dissatisfied
(1)	Somewhat dissatisfied
(2)	Somewhat satisfied
(3)	Very satisfied
(99)	dk/na

P73 = Now, talking about elections, did you vote in last year’s presidential elections?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes
(99)	dk/na

P74 = Who did you vote for president?
(1)	Gabriel Quadri de la Torre / Nueva Alianza
(2)	Josefina Vázquez Mota / PAN
(3)	Andrés Manuel López Obrador / PRD-PT-Movimiento Ciudadano
(4)	Enrique Peña Nieto / PRI-PVEM
(5)	Non-registered candidate
(6)	Vote annulled
(99)	dk/na Doesn't remember

P75 = Regardless of the political party you vote for, do you normally consider yourself to be panista, priista, perredista o from another political party?
(1)	Very panista
(2)	Somewhat panista
(3)	Very priista
(4)	Somewhat priista
(5)	Very perredista
(6)	Somewhat perredista
(7)	Other
(8)	None (spontaneous)
(99)	dk/na Doesn't remember

P75A = Mentioned other party

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

PF = Wrapping up, do you have children?
(1)	Yes
(99)	No

PG = How many children do you have?
(99)	dk/na

EDU = Which is your highest degree of education?
(0)	None
(1)	Incomplete primary school
(2)	Primary school
(3)	Incomplete secondary school
(4)	Secondary school
(5)	Incomplete high school
(6)	High school
(7)	Incomplete undergraduate studies
(8)	Graduated from university
(99)	dk/na Doesn't remember

PI = Which is your current occupation?
(1)	Public sector worker or employee
(2)	Private sector worker or employee
(3)	Independent profession
(4)	Self-employed
(5)	Peasant or rural laborer
(6)	Salesman or saleswoman
(7)	Entrepreneur
(8)	Student
(9)	Housewife or houseman
(10)	Unemployed
(11)	Pensioner
(12)	Other
(99)	dk/na Doesn't remember

PIOTRO = Other occupation

PJ = All in all, how many persons live in your household right now?
(99)	dk/na

PK = Could you tell us how many light bulbs do you have in your home?
(99)	dk/na

PL = Please, could you tell me how important is religion in your life?
(0)	Not important at all
(1)	A little important
(2)	Somewhat important
(3)	Very important
(99)	dk/na

PM = Which religion do you belong to?
(1)	Catholic
(2)	Protestant / Evangelical / Christian
(3)	Jewish
(4)	Muslim
(5)	Other
(6)	None
(99)	dk/na

PMOTRO = Other religion

PN = In this household, how well do you manage with your total income?
(1)	It’s enough and you can save
(2)	It’s just about enough so that you get by without difficulties
(3)	It’s not enough and you have difficulties
(4)	It’s not enough and you have great difficulties
(99)	dk/na

PO = People sometimes describe themselves as part of the working class, middle class, upper class, or lower class… How would you describe yourself?
(1)	Upper class
(2)	Upper middle class
(3)	Lower middle class
(4)	Working class
(5)	Lower class
(99)	dk/na

PP = To finish, let us present you with a hypothetical situation. If nobody would know and you wouldn’t have to fear punishment, for how much money would you be willing to kill someone?
(0)	I wouldn’t be willing to kill anybody for money (SPONTANEOUS)
(9999999)	dk/na

CLAVEENC = Interviewer code

wt = Weighting

ENC1 = Skin color: According to the chromatic scale depicted on card 8, which is the skin color of the interviewee's face?

ENC2A = Was there anybody else present during the interview?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes

ENC2B = Was that person someone from the same household or someone external who was attentive to or vigilant of the interview?
(1)	Someone from same household
(2)	Neighbor
(3)	Someone vigilant

ENC3 = In general terms, during the interview, how anxious or nervous was the interviewee?
(0)	Not at all
(1)	A bit
(2)	Somewhat
(3)	Very
(99)	dk/na

ENC4 = In general terms, during the interview, how interested was the interviewee?
(0)	Not at all
(1)	A bit
(2)	Somewhat
(3)	Very
(99)	dk/na

ENC5 = Does the place of residence have bars or other physical security measures?
(0)	No
(1)	Yes

ENC6 = Annotate if you observe any of the following conditions on the street section where the interview was taking place: One observes the presence of garbage or broken glass.
(1)	Yes
(2)	No

ENC7 = There are graffiti or urban art.
(1)	Yes
(2)	No

ENC8 = Most of the houses on this block have metal window bars or other safety arrangements.
(1)	Yes
(2)	No

ENC9 = There is visible police presence.
(1)	Yes
(2)	No

ENC19 = Young people are hanging around idly.
(1)	Yes
(2)	No

ENC11 = There are street lamps.
(1)	Yes
(2)	No

ESTRATO = Sample stratum (by average rate of municipal homicides 2009-2011)
(1)	Very low
(2)	Low
(3)	Medium
(4)	High
(5)	Very high

Tipo = Type of municipality
(1)	Urban
(2)	Rural

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